Konversi satuan alat ukur

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Power
horsepower, kilowatt, watt,btu/second, calorie/second, foot lbf/second, kilocalorie/second

• 1 W = 1 kg m2/s3 = 1 Nm/s = 1 J/s
• 1 kW = 1,000 Watts = 3,412 Btu/h = 737.6/550 British hp = 1.341 British hp = 103/9.80665 kgf m/s = 737.6 ft lbf/s = 103/(9.80665 75) metric hp
• 1 hp (English horse power) = 745.7 W = 0.746 kW = 550 ft lb/s = 2,545 Btu/h = 33.000 ft lb/m = 1.0139 metric horse power ~= 1.0 KVA
• 1 horsepower (mech) = 2542.47 Btu (mean)/hr = 42.375 Btu (mean)/min = 0.7062 Btu (mean)/sec = 6.416×105 calorie/hr (termo) = 6.412×105 calorie (IST)/hr = 6.4069×105 calorie(mean)/hr = 10694 calorie/min (thermo) = 10686 calorie (IST)/min = 10678 calorie (mean)/min = 10.686 calorie, kg/min (IST) = 7.457×109 erg/sec = 1980000 foot pound-force/hr = 33000 foot pound-force/min = 550 foot pound-force/sec = 0.076 horsepower (boiler) = 0.9996 horsepower (electric) = 1.0139 horsepower (metric) = 745.7 joule/sec = 0.7457 kilowatt = 0.7456 kilowatt (Int) = 0.212 ton of refrigeration = 745.7 watt
• 1 horsepower (boiler) = 33445.6 Btu (mean)/hr = 140671.6 calorie/min (thermo) = 140469.4 calorie (mean)/min = 140742.3 calorie (20oC)/min 9.8095×1010 erg/sec = 434107 foot-pound-force/min = 13.1548 horsepower (mech) = 13.1495 horsepower (electric) = 13.3372 horsepower (metric) = 13.1487 horsepower (water) = 9809.5 joule/sec = 9.8095 kilowatt
• 1 horsepower (electric) =  2547.16 Btu/hr (thermo) = 2545.46  Btu (IST)/hr = 2543.49 Btu (mean)/hr = 178.298 calorie/sec (thermo) = 641.87 calorie, kg/hr (thermo) = 7.46×109 erg/sec = 33013 foot pound-force/min = 550.2 foot pound-force/sec = 1.0004 horsepower (mech) = 0.07605 horsepower (boiler) = 1.01428 horsepower (metric) = 0.99994 horsepower (water) = 746 joule/sec = 0.746 kilowatt = 746 watt
• 1 horsepower (metric) = 2511.3 Btu/hr (thermo) = 2509.6 Btu (IST)/hr = 2507.7 Btu (mean)/hr = 6.328×105 calorie/hr (thermo) = 6.324×105 calorie (IST)/hr = 6.319×105 calorie (mean)/hr = 7.35×109 ergs/sec = 32548.6 foot pound-force/min = 542.476 foot pound-force/sec = 0.9863 horsepower (mech) = 0.07498 horsepower (boiler) = 0.9859 horsepower (electric) = 0.98587 horsepower (water) = 75 kg-force meter/sec (kg m/s) = 0.7355 kilowatt =   735.499 W = 75 kg m/s
• 1 horsepower (water) = 33015 foot pound-force/min = 1.00046 horsepower (mech) = 0.07605 horsepower (boiler) = 1.00006 horsepower (electric) = 1.01434 horsepower (metric) = 0.746043 kilowatt
• 1 refrigeration Ton = 12,000 Btu/h cooling = 3.516 kW = 3,025.9 k Calories/h
• 1 cooling tower Ton = 15,000 Btu/h = 3,782 k Calories/h
• 1 ft lb/s = 1.3558 W
• 1 Btu/s = 1055.1 W
• 1 Btu/h = 1 Btuh = 0.293 W = 0.001 MBH
• 1 cheval vapeur (French) = 0.98632 horsepower

Power per unit area

• 1 W/m2 = 0.3170 Btu/(h ft2) = 0.85984 kcal/(h m2)

Pressure
atmosphere, centimeters of mercury, foot of water, bar, barye, centimeter of water, dyne/centimeter2, inch of mercury, inch of water, kgf/centimeter2, kgf/meter2, lbf/foot2, lbf/inch2 (psi), millibar, millimeter of mercury, pascal, torr, newton/meter2

• Standard Atmospheric Pressure 1 atm = 101.325 kN/m2 = 1.01325 bar = 101.325 kPa = 14.7 psia = 0 psig = 29.92 in Hg = 760 torr = 33.95 Ft.H2O = 407.2 In.W.G (Water Gauge) = 2116.8 Lbs./Sq.Ft.
• 1 N/m2 = 1 Pa = 1.4504×10-4 lb/in2 = 1×10-5 bar = 4.03×10-3 in water = 0.336×10-3 ft water = 0.1024 mm water = 0.295×10-3 in mercury = 7.55×10-3 mm mercury = 0.1024 kg/m2 = 0.993×10-5 atm
• 1 Pa = 10-6 N/mm2 = 10-5 bar = 0.1020 kp/m2 = 1.02×10-4 m H2O = 9.869×10-6 atm = 1.45×10-4 psi (lbf/in2)
• 1 N/mm2 = 106 Pa = 10 bar = 1.020×105 kp/m2 = 102.0 m H2O = 9.869 atm = 145.0 psi (lbf/in2)
• 1 mmHg = 1 torr = 0.01934 lb/in2
• 1 atm = 101,325 Pa (N/m2) = 1.013×102 kN/m2 = 1.033×104 kp/m2 = 1.033 kp/cm2 = 1.013 bar = 14.696 psi (lb/in2) = 407.1 in H2O at 62 0F (16.7 oC) = 33.9 ft H2O at 62 0F (16.7 oC) = 10.33 m H2O at 62 0F (16.7 oC) = 29.92 in mercury at 62 0F (16.7 oC) = 760 mm mercury at 62 0F (16.7 oC) = 760 torr
• 1 bar = 1×105 Pa (N/m2) = 0.1 N/mm2 = 10,197 kp/m2 = 10.20 m H2O = 0.98692 atm = 14.5038 psi (lbf/in2) = 1×106 dyne/sq cm = 750 mmHg = 1×106 barye (French) = 75.0062 cm Hg (0oC) = 33.4883 ft H2O (60oF) = 1019.72 gram-force/sq cm = 29.530 in Hg (32oF) = 1.01972 kg-force/sq cm = 1000 millibar = 2088.54 pound-force/sq foot
• 1 kp/m2 = 9.81 Pa (N/m2) = 9.807×10-6 N/mm2 = 10-3 m H2O = 1 mm H2O = 0.9681×10-4 atm = 1.422×10-3 psi (lb/in2) = 0.0394 in H2O = 0.0736 mm mercury
• 1 psi (lb/in2) = 144 psf (lbf/ft2) = 6,894.8 Pa (N/m2) = 6.895×10-3 N/mm2 = 6.895×10-2 bar = 27.71 in H2O at 62oF (16.7oC) = 703.1 mm H2O at 62oF (16.7oC) = 2.0416 in mercury at 62oF (16.7oC) = 51.8 mm mercury at 62oF (16.7oC) = 703.6 kg/m2 = 0.06895 atm = 2.307 Ft. H2O = 16 ounces
• 1 psf (lbf/ft2) = 47.88 N/m2 (Pa) = 0.006944 lbf/in2 (psi)
• 1 dyn/cm2 = 145.04×10-7 lbf/in2
• 1 in mercury (Hg) = 3,376.8 N/m2= 0.49 lb/in2 = 12.8 in water
• 1 Ounce = 1.73 In.W.C.
• 1 Ft.H2O = 0.4335 psi = 62.43 Lbs./Sq.Ft.
• 1 in water = 248.8 N/m2= 0.0361 lb/in2 = 25.4 kg/m2 = 0.0739 in mercury
• 1 m H2O = 9806.7 Pa = 9.807×10-3 N/mm2 = 0.0987 bar = 1,000 kp/m2 = 0.09678 atm = 1.422 psi (lbf/in2)
• 1 mm water = 9.81 Pa (N/m2) = 1 kg/m2 = 0.0736 mm mercury = 0.9677×10-4 atm
• 1 mm mercury = 0.0193 lb/in2 = 133 N/m2 = 12.8 mm water
• 1 barye (French) = 1.0 dyne/sq cm = 0.10 newton/sq meter = 0.10 Pascal

Note! When using pressure units based on liquid columns (like mm Water, in Water, mm Hg …) – be aware that densities of liquids varies with temperature. For more exact conversions consult temperature density sources for the actual liquids.


Torque, Moment
foot-pound torque, newton-meter

• 1 ft lb = 1.356 Nm

Velocity, Speed
foot/second, inch/second, meter/second, kilometer/hour, knot, mile/hour,nautical mile per hour

• 1 ft/s = 0.3048 m/s
• 1 ft/min = 5.08×10-3 m/s = 0.0183 km/h = 0.0114 mph
• 1 mph = 0.44703 m/s = 1.609 km/h = 88 ft/min = 5280 ft/hr = 1.467 Ft./sec. = 0.8684 knots
• 1 m/s = 3.6 km/h = 196.85 ft/min = 2.237 mph
• 1 km/h = 0.2778 m/s = 54.68 ft/min = 0.6214 mph = 0.5396 knot
• 1 knot (nautical mile per hour) = 0.514444444 m/s = 1.852 kilometers per hour = 1.1515 miles per hour= 1 nautical miles per hour
• 1 League = 3.0 Miles
• 1 cm/sec = 1.9685 foot/min = 0.0328 foot/sec = 0.036 km/hr = 0.0194 knots (Int) = 0.6 meter/min = 0.02237 mile/hr = 0.000373 mile/min

Viscosity Dynamic

• 1 lb/(ft s) = 1.4879 Pa s = 14.88 P = 1,488 cP = 0.1517 kp s/m2
• 1 cP (Centipoise) = 10-3 Pa s = 0.01 Poise = 1.020×10-4 kp s/m2 = 6.721×10-4 lb/(ft s) = 0.00100 (N s)/m2 = 0.01 gram/(cm sec) = 2.4191 lb/(ft hr)
• 1 kg/(m s ) = 1 (N s)/m2 = 0.6720 lbm/(ft s) = 10 Poise
• 1 P (Poise) = 0.1 Pa s = 100 cP = 1.020×10-2 kp s/m2 = 6.721×10-2 lb/(ft s) = 0.1 kg/ms
• 1 Pa s (N s/m2) = 10 P (Poise) = 103 cP = 0.1020 kp s/m2 = 0.6721 lb/(ft s)
• 1 kp s/m2 = 9.80665 Pa s = 98.07 P = 9,807 cP = 6.591 lb/(ft s)
• 1 reyns = 1 1bf s/in2 = 6894.76 Pa s
• Dynamic, Absolute and Kinematic Viscosity – An introduction to dynamic, absolute and kinematic viscosity and how to convert between CentiStokes (cSt), CentiPoises (cP), Saybolt Universal Seconds (SSU) and degree Engler.

Viscosity Kinematic

• 1 ft2/s = 0.0929 m2/s
• 1 ft2/ h = 2.581×10-5m2/s
• 1 St (Stokes) = 1×10-4 m2/s = 100 cSt = 1.076×10-3 ft2/s
• 1 m2/s = 104 St = 106 cSt = 10.764 ft2/s= 38750 ft2/h
• 1 cSt (Centistoke) = 10-6 m2/s = 0.01 Stokes = 1.076×10-5 ft2/s = 1 square mm/sec

Volume Flow

• 1 dm3/s (kg/s water) = 13.20 Imp. gal (UK)/min
• 1 m3/s = 3,600 m3/h = 1,000 dm3(liter)/s = 35.32 ft3/s = 2,118.9 ft3/min = 13,200 Imp.gal (UK)/min = 15,852 gal (US)/min
• 1 m3/h = 2.7778×10-4 m3/s = 0.2778 dm3(litre)/s = 9.810×10-3 ft3/s = 0.5886 ft3/min (cfm) = 3.667 Imp.gal (UK)/min = 4.403 gal (US)/min
• 1 m3/h = 103 dm3(litre)/h = 16.67 dm3(litre)/min = 0.27878 dm3(litre)/s
• 1 ft3/min = 1.7 m3/h = 0.47 l/s = 62.43 Lbs.H2O/Min.
• 1 dm3(litre)/s = 10-3 m3/s = 3.6 m3/h = 0.03532 ft3/s = 2.1189 ft3/min (cfm) = 13.200 Imp.gal (UK)/min = 15.852 gal (US)/min = 792 Imp. gal (UK)/h
• 1 dm3(litre)/s = 60 litre/min = 3,600 litre/h
• 1 ft3/s = 0.0283168 m3/s = 101.9 m3/h = 28.32 dm3(litre)/s = 60 ft3/min = 373.7 Imp.gal (UK)/min = 448.9 gal (US)/min
• 1 Imp.gal (UK)/min = 7.57682×10-5 m3/s = 0.273 m3/h = 0.0758 dm3(litre)/s = 2.675×10-3 ft3/s = 0.1605 ft3/min = 1,201 gal (US)/min
• 1 gal (US)/min =6.30888×10-5 m3/s = 0.227 m3/h = 0.06309 dm3(litre)/s = 2.228×10-3 ft3/s = 0.1337 ft3/min = 0.8327 Imperial gal (UK)/min

Energy
British Thermal Unit (Btu), calorie, joule, kilojoule, electron volt, erg, foot lbf, foot poundal, kilocalorie, kilowatt hour, watt hour,

• 1 J (Joule) = 0,1020 kpm = 2.778×10-7 kWh = 2.389×10-4 kcal = 0.7376 ft lbf = 1 (kg m2)/s2 = 1 watt second = 1 Nm = 1 ft lb = 9.478×10-4 Btu
• 1 kpm = 9.80665 J = 2.724×10-6 kWh = 2.342×10-3 kcal = 7.233 ft lbf = 9.295×10-3 Btu
• 1 kWh = 3.6×106 J = 3.671×105 kpm = 859.9 kcal = 2.656×106 ft lbf = 3.412×103 Btu
• 1 kJ = 1 kNm = 1kWs = 103 J = 0.947813 Btu = 737.6 ft lbf = 0.23884 kcal
• 1 Btu (British thermal unit) = 1,055.06 J = 107.6 kpm = 2.92875×10-4 kWh = 251.996 calorie = 0.252 kcal = 777.649 ft lbf = 1.0544×1010 erg = 0.293 watt hour = 0.999331 Btu (Int Steam Tab) = 0.998560 Btu (mean) = 25020.1 foot-poundal = 107.514 kg force meter = 1.0751×107 gram-force cm = 0.000393 hp-hour = 10.456 liter atm = 1054.35 wattsecond
• 1 cal = 4.186 J
• 1 kcal = 4186,8 J = 426,9 kp m = 1.163×10-3 kWh = 3.088 ft lbf = 3.9683 Btu = 1,000 cal
• 1 ft lbf (foot pound force) = 1.3558 J = 0.1383 kp m = 3.766×10-7 kWh = 3.238×10-4 kcal = 1.285×10-3 Btu
• 1 hp h (horse power hour) = 2.6846×106 J = 0.7457 kWh
• 1 erg = 1 (g cm2)/s2 = 10-7 J
• 1 eV = 1.602×10-19 J
• 1 Q = 1018 Btu = 1.055×1021 J
• 1 Quad = 1015 Btu
• 1 Therm = 100,000 Btu
• 1 kg m = 7.233 ft lb = 0.00929 Btu = 9.806 Joule

Energy per unit mass

• 1 kJ/kg = 1 J/g = 0.4299 Btu/ lbm = 0.23884 kcal/kg

Flow – see Volume flow
Force
dyne, kilogram force (kgf), kilopound force, kip, lbf (pound force), ounce force (avoirdupois), poundal, newton

• 1 N (Newton) = 0.1020 kp = 7.233 pdl = 7.233/32.174 lbf = 0.2248 lbf = 1 (kg m)/s2 = 105 dyne = 1/9.80665 kgf
• 1 lbf (Pound force) = 4.44822 N = 0.4536 kp = 32.17 pdl = 4.448×105 dyn
• 1 dyn = 1 (g cm)/s2
• 1 kg has a weight of 1 kp
• 1 kp (Kilopond) = 9.80665 N = 2.205 lbf = 70.93 pdl
• 1 pdl (Poundal) = 0.13826 N = 0.01409 kp = 0.03108 lbf

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